(a) Make a diagram 8 — 10 cm long to show the relative position of the following organs in the mammalian gut:
(i) stomach
(ii) pancreas
(iii) liver
(iv) gall bladder
(v) duodenum and label fully.
(b) (i) List two diseases of the liver.
(ii) State five effects of the diseases in (b) (i) on the human body.
(c) State the deficiency symptoms of the following vitamins:
(i) vitamin A
(ii) vitamin C
(ii) Vitamin K;
Explanation
(a) Diagram showing some organs of mammalian gut Title (T)
(b)(i) Two diseases of the liver:
- Liver cirrhosis
- Amoebic liver abscess
- Hepatitis
- Cancer/tumor of the liver
- Gall stones.
(b)(ii) Effects of liver diseases on humans:
(i) Weakness and tiredness
(ii) Jaundice/yel-lowish eye/skin
(iii) (Slight) fever
(iv) Oedema/ swollen abdomen/accumulation of fluid in the abdomen
(v) High blood pressure
(vi) Loss of weight
(vii) Abdominal pain
(viii) Loss of apetite
(ix) Headache
(c) Deficiency Symptoms Vitamin A:
- Night blindness /poor vision
- Colds/bronchitis
- Dry scaly skin.
Vitamin C:
- Swollen joints/scurvy/bleeding gums/sore mouth
- low resistance to infection
- dental disorders.
Vitamin K: – Excessive bleeding/haemorrhage of wounds/inability of blood to clot.